An independent appraisal and re-analysis of hydroxychloroquine treatment trial for COVID-19

Katheron Intson; Sachin A. Kumar; Amy Botta; Rachael Neckels; Connie Leung; Ali Jawaid

doi:10.4414/smw.2020.20262

Viewpoint

Vol. 150 No. 1718 (2020)

An independent appraisal and re-analysis of hydroxychloroquine treatment trial for COVID-19

Katheron Intson
Sachin A. Kumar
Amy Botta
Rachael Neckels
Connie Leung
Ali Jawaid

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2020.20262
Cite this as:: Swiss Med Wkly. 2020;150:w20262
Published: 29.04.2020

References

Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L, Mailhe M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;105949. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
Schrezenmeier E, Dörner T. Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(3):155–66. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-0372-x
Laboratory Corporation of America. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/media/136151/download
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/media/134922/download
World Health Organization. 2020. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/real-time-rt-pcr-assays-for-the-detection-of-sars-cov-2-institut-pasteur-paris.pdf?sfvrsn=3662fcb6_2
Altman T. 2020. https://tomeraltman.net/2020/04/05/all-public-primers.html
Chen SH, Lin CY, Cho CS, Lo CZ, Hsiung CA. Primer Design Assistant (PDA): A web-based primer design tool. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003;31(13):3751–4. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg560
World Health Organization. 2020. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200407-sitrep-78-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=bc43e1b_2
Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hu H, et al. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov. 2020;6(1):16. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0
Yao X, Ye F, Zhang M, Cui C, Huang B, Niu P, et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa237. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa237
Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020;30(3):269–71. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
Cortegiani A, Ingoglia G, Ippolito M, Giarratano A, Einav S. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. J Crit Care. 2020;S0883-9441(20)30390-7. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.005
Gao J, Tian Z, Yang X. Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci Trends. 2020;14(1):72–3. doi:.https://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2020.01047
Chen J, et al. A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Journal of ZheJiang University (Medical Sciences). 2020.

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How to Cite

1.

Intson K, Kumar SA, Botta A, Neckels R, Leung C, Jawaid A. An independent appraisal and re-analysis of hydroxychloroquine treatment trial for COVID-19. Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]. 2020 Apr. 29 [cited 2024 Jul. 16];150(1718):w20262. Available from: https://smw.ch/index.php/smw/article/view/2769

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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[1] Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L, Mailhe M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;105949. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949

[2] Schrezenmeier E, Dörner T. Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(3):155–66. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-0372-x

[3] Laboratory Corporation of America. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/media/136151/download

[4] Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/media/134922/download

[5] World Health Organization. 2020. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/real-time-rt-pcr-assays-for-the-detection-of-sars-cov-2-institut-pasteur-paris.pdf?sfvrsn=3662fcb6_2

[6] Altman T. 2020. https://tomeraltman.net/2020/04/05/all-public-primers.html

[7] Chen SH, Lin CY, Cho CS, Lo CZ, Hsiung CA. Primer Design Assistant (PDA): A web-based primer design tool. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003;31(13):3751–4. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg560

[8] World Health Organization. 2020. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200407-sitrep-78-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=bc43e1b_2

[9] Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hu H, et al. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov. 2020;6(1):16. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0

[10] Yao X, Ye F, Zhang M, Cui C, Huang B, Niu P, et al. In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa237. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa237

[11] Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020;30(3):269–71. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0

[12] Cortegiani A, Ingoglia G, Ippolito M, Giarratano A, Einav S. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. J Crit Care. 2020;S0883-9441(20)30390-7. doi:.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.005

[13] Gao J, Tian Z, Yang X. Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci Trends. 2020;14(1):72–3. doi:.https://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2020.01047

[14] Chen J, et al. A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Journal of ZheJiang University (Medical Sciences). 2020.