Treatment  of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 with triple therapy comprising telaprevir or  boceprevir

Darius Moradpour; Beat Müllhaupt; Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver

doi:10.4414/smw.2012.13516

Review article: Biomedical intelligence

Vol. 142 No. 0708 (2012)

Treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 with triple therapy comprising telaprevir or boceprevir

Darius Moradpour
Beat Müllhaupt
Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2012.13516
Cite this as:: Swiss Med Wkly. 2012;142:w13516
Published: 12.02.2012

Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Two first-generation protease inhibitors, telaprevir and boceprevir, have recently been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1. Triple therapy comprising pegylated interferon-α, ribavirin and telaprevir or boceprevir increases sustained virological response rates to ~70% and allows to shorten treatment duration in ~½ of treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1. Sustained virological response rates in treatment-experienced patients depend on the response to previous treatment, ranging from >80% in previous relapsers to ~30% in previous null responders. These advances come at the expense of new adverse effects and increased cost. In addition, treatment of chronic hepatitis C will become more complex. In these times of changing medical practice, the present expert opinion statement by the Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver shall provide guidance on the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with triple therapy comprising telaprevir or boceprevir.

References

Nature Outlook: Hepatitis C. Nature. 2011;474:S1–S21.
EASL Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2011;55:245–64.
Ghany MG, Nelson DR, Strader DB, et al. An update on treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C virus infection: 2011 Practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2011;54:1433–44.
Prasad L, Spicher VM, Zwahlen M, et al. Cohort Profile: the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:731–7.
Davis GL, Alter MJ, El-Serag H, et al. Aging of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons in the United States: a multiple cohort model of HCV prevalence and disease progression. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:513–21.
McGarry LJ, Pawar VS, Parekh HH, et al. Economic model of a birth cohort screening program for hepatitis C virus. Hepatology. 2012, in press.
Rein DB, Smith BD, Wittenborn JS, et al. The cost-effectiveness of birth-cohort screening for hepatitis C antibody in U.S. primary care settings. Ann Intern Med. 2012, in press.
Thein HH, Yi Q, Dore GJ, et al. Estimation of stage-specific fibrosis progression rates in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Hepatology. 2008;48:418–31.
Missiha SB, Ostrowski M, Heathcote EJ. Disease progression in chronic hepatitis C: modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. Gastroenterology. 2008;134:1699–714.
Pinzani M, Vizzutti F, Arena U, et al. Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis by biochemical scores and elastography. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;5:95–106.
Bedossa P, Poynard T. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology. 1996;24:289–93.
Ishak K, Baptista A, Bianchi L, et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 1995;22:696–9.
Rauch A, Rohrbach J, Bochud PY. The recent breakthroughs in the understanding of host genomics in hepatitis C. Eur J Clin Invest. 2010;40:950–9.
Lange CM, Zeuzem S. IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms in the treatment of hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2011;55:692–701.
Sarrazin C, Zeuzem S. Resistance to direct antiviral agents in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:447–62.
Halfon P, Locarnini S. Hepatitis C virus resistance to protease inhibitors. J Hepatol. 2011;55:192–206.
Jacobson IM, McHutchison JG, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:2405–16.
Poordad F, McCone J, Jr., Bacon BR, et al. Boceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1195–206.
Sherman KE, Flamm SL, Afdhal NH, et al. Response-guided telaprevir combination treatment for hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1014–24.
Zeuzem S, Andreone P, Pol S, et al. Telaprevir for retreatment of HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:2417–28.
Bacon BR, Gordon SC, Lawitz E, et al. Boceprevir for previously treated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1207–17.
Vierling JM, Flamm SL, Gordon SC, et al. Efficacy of boceprevir in prior null responders to peginterferon/ribavirin: the PROVIDE Study. Hepatology. 2011;54(Suppl 1):796A.
Deuffic-Burban S, Mathurin P, Pol S, et al. Impact of hepatitis C triple therapy availability upon the number of patients to be treated and associated costs in France: a model-based analysis. Gut. 2012;61:290–6.
Garg V, van Heeswijk R, Eun Lee J, et al. Effect of telaprevir on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Hepatology. 2011;54:20–7.
Leise MD, Kim WR, Canterbury KM, et al. Drug therapy: Telaprevir. Hepatology 2011;54:1463-1469.
Cacoub P, Bourlière M, Lübbe J, et al. Dermatological side effects of hepatitis C and its treatment: patient management in the era of direct-acting antivirals. J. Hepatol. 2012;56:455–63.
Gane EJ, Roberts SK, Stedman CA, et al. Oral combination therapy with a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (RG7128) and danoprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection (INFORM-1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. Lancet. 2010;376:1476–5.
Chayama K, Takahashi S, Toyota J, et al. Dual therapy with the NS5A inhibitor BMS-790052 and the NS3 protease inhibitor BMS-650032 in HCV genotype 1b-infected null responders. Hepatology. 2012, in press.
Gane EJ, Stedman CA, Hyland RH, et al. Once daily PSI-7977 plus RBV: pegylated interferon-alfa not required for complete rapid viral response in treatment-naïve patients with HCV gt 2 or gt 3. Hepatology. 2011;54(Suppl 1):377A.
Lok ASF, Gardiner D, Lawitz E, et al. Preliminary study of two antiviral agents for hepatitis C genotype 1. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:216–24.
Di Martino V, Richou C, Cervoni JP, et al. Response-guided peg-interferon plus ribavirin treatment duration in chronic hepatitis C: Meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials and implications for the future. Hepatology. 2011;54:789–800.
Foster GR, Zeuzem S, Andreone P, et al. Subanalyses of the telaprevir lead-in arm in the REALIZE study: response at week 4 is not a substitute for prior null response categorization. J Hepatol. 2011;54(Suppl 1):S3.
Bruno S, Vierling JM, Esteban R, et al. Boceprevir in addition to standard of care enhanced SVR in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis: subgroup analysis of SPRINT-2 and RESPOND-2 studies. J Hepatol. 2011;54(Suppl 1):S4.

How to Cite

1.

Moradpour D, Müllhaupt B, Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 with triple therapy comprising telaprevir or boceprevir. Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]. 2012 Feb. 12 [cited 2024 Nov. 18];142(0708):w13516. Available from: https://smw.ch/index.php/smw/article/view/1432

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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[1] Nature Outlook: Hepatitis C. Nature. 2011;474:S1–S21.

[2] EASL Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2011;55:245–64.

[3] Ghany MG, Nelson DR, Strader DB, et al. An update on treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C virus infection: 2011 Practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2011;54:1433–44.

[4] Prasad L, Spicher VM, Zwahlen M, et al. Cohort Profile: the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:731–7.

[5] Davis GL, Alter MJ, El-Serag H, et al. Aging of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons in the United States: a multiple cohort model of HCV prevalence and disease progression. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:513–21.

[6] McGarry LJ, Pawar VS, Parekh HH, et al. Economic model of a birth cohort screening program for hepatitis C virus. Hepatology. 2012, in press.

[7] Rein DB, Smith BD, Wittenborn JS, et al. The cost-effectiveness of birth-cohort screening for hepatitis C antibody in U.S. primary care settings. Ann Intern Med. 2012, in press.

[8] Thein HH, Yi Q, Dore GJ, et al. Estimation of stage-specific fibrosis progression rates in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Hepatology. 2008;48:418–31.

[9] Missiha SB, Ostrowski M, Heathcote EJ. Disease progression in chronic hepatitis C: modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. Gastroenterology. 2008;134:1699–714.

[10] Pinzani M, Vizzutti F, Arena U, et al. Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis by biochemical scores and elastography. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;5:95–106.

[11] Bedossa P, Poynard T. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology. 1996;24:289–93.

[12] Ishak K, Baptista A, Bianchi L, et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 1995;22:696–9.

[13] Rauch A, Rohrbach J, Bochud PY. The recent breakthroughs in the understanding of host genomics in hepatitis C. Eur J Clin Invest. 2010;40:950–9.

[14] Lange CM, Zeuzem S. IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms in the treatment of hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2011;55:692–701.

[15] Sarrazin C, Zeuzem S. Resistance to direct antiviral agents in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:447–62.

[16] Halfon P, Locarnini S. Hepatitis C virus resistance to protease inhibitors. J Hepatol. 2011;55:192–206.

[17] Jacobson IM, McHutchison JG, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:2405–16.

[18] Poordad F, McCone J, Jr., Bacon BR, et al. Boceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1195–206.

[19] Sherman KE, Flamm SL, Afdhal NH, et al. Response-guided telaprevir combination treatment for hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1014–24.

[20] Zeuzem S, Andreone P, Pol S, et al. Telaprevir for retreatment of HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:2417–28.

[21] Bacon BR, Gordon SC, Lawitz E, et al. Boceprevir for previously treated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1207–17.

[22] Vierling JM, Flamm SL, Gordon SC, et al. Efficacy of boceprevir in prior null responders to peginterferon/ribavirin: the PROVIDE Study. Hepatology. 2011;54(Suppl 1):796A.

[23] Deuffic-Burban S, Mathurin P, Pol S, et al. Impact of hepatitis C triple therapy availability upon the number of patients to be treated and associated costs in France: a model-based analysis. Gut. 2012;61:290–6.

[24] Garg V, van Heeswijk R, Eun Lee J, et al. Effect of telaprevir on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Hepatology. 2011;54:20–7.

[25] Leise MD, Kim WR, Canterbury KM, et al. Drug therapy: Telaprevir. Hepatology 2011;54:1463-1469.

[26] Cacoub P, Bourlière M, Lübbe J, et al. Dermatological side effects of hepatitis C and its treatment: patient management in the era of direct-acting antivirals. J. Hepatol. 2012;56:455–63.

[27] Gane EJ, Roberts SK, Stedman CA, et al. Oral combination therapy with a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (RG7128) and danoprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection (INFORM-1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. Lancet. 2010;376:1476–5.

[28] Chayama K, Takahashi S, Toyota J, et al. Dual therapy with the NS5A inhibitor BMS-790052 and the NS3 protease inhibitor BMS-650032 in HCV genotype 1b-infected null responders. Hepatology. 2012, in press.

[29] Gane EJ, Stedman CA, Hyland RH, et al. Once daily PSI-7977 plus RBV: pegylated interferon-alfa not required for complete rapid viral response in treatment-naïve patients with HCV gt 2 or gt 3. Hepatology. 2011;54(Suppl 1):377A.

[30] Lok ASF, Gardiner D, Lawitz E, et al. Preliminary study of two antiviral agents for hepatitis C genotype 1. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:216–24.

[31] Di Martino V, Richou C, Cervoni JP, et al. Response-guided peg-interferon plus ribavirin treatment duration in chronic hepatitis C: Meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials and implications for the future. Hepatology. 2011;54:789–800.

[32] Foster GR, Zeuzem S, Andreone P, et al. Subanalyses of the telaprevir lead-in arm in the REALIZE study: response at week 4 is not a substitute for prior null response categorization. J Hepatol. 2011;54(Suppl 1):S3.

[33] Bruno S, Vierling JM, Esteban R, et al. Boceprevir in addition to standard of care enhanced SVR in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis: subgroup analysis of SPRINT-2 and RESPOND-2 studies. J Hepatol. 2011;54(Suppl 1):S4.