Acute  coronary syndrome in patients younger than 30 years – aetiologies, baseline  characteristics and long-term clinical outcome

Serban-George Puricel; Cedric Lehner; Markus Oberhänsli; Tobias Rutz; Mario Togni; Mathieu Stadelmann; Aris Moschovitis; Berhard Meier; Peter Wenaweser; Stephan Windecker; Jean-Christophe Stauffer; Stéphane Cook

doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13816

Original article

Vol. 143 No. 3132 (2013)

Acute coronary syndrome in patients younger than 30 years – aetiologies, baseline characteristics and long-term clinical outcome

Serban-George Puricel
Cedric Lehner
Markus Oberhänsli
Tobias Rutz
Mario Togni
Mathieu Stadelmann
Aris Moschovitis
Berhard Meier
Peter Wenaweser
Stephan Windecker
Jean-Christophe Stauffer
Stéphane Cook

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2013.13816
Cite this as:: Swiss Med Wkly. 2013;143:w13816
Published: 28.07.2013

References

Chen YL, Bhasin A, Youssef AA, Wu CJ, Yang CH, Hsieh YK, et al. Prognostic factors and outcomes in young chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary angioplasty. International Heart Journal. 2009;50(1):1–11.
Chan MY, Woo KS, Wong HB, Chia BL, Sutandar A, Tan HC. Antecedent risk factors and their control in young patients with a first myocardial infarction. Singapore Med J. 2006;47(1):27–30.
Morillas P, Bertomeu V, Pabon P, Ancillo P, Bermejo J, Fernandez C, et al. Characteristics and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in young patients. The PRIAMHO II study. Cardiology. 2007;107(4):217–25.
Hoit BD, Gilpin EA, Henning H, Maisel AA, Dittrich H, Carlisle J, et al. Myocardial infarction in young patients: an analysis by age subsets. Circulation. 1986;74(4):712–21.
Doughty M, Mehta R, Bruckman D, Das S, Karavite D, Tsai T, et al. Acute myocardial infarction in the young ‒The University of Michigan experience. Am Heart J. 2002;143(1):56–62.
Rumboldt Z, Rumboldt M, Pesenti S, Polic S, Miric D. Peculiarities of myocardial infarction at young age in Southern Croatia. Cardiologia. 1995;40(6):407–11.
Teixeira M, Sa I, Mendes JS, Martins L. Acute coronary syndrome in young adults. Rev Port Cardiol. 2010;29(6):947–55.
Hamsten A, Norberg R, Bjorkholm M, de Faire U, Holm G. Antibodies to cardiolipin in young survivors of myocardial infarction: an association with recurrent cardiovascular events. Lancet. 1986;1(8473):113–6.
Kanitz MG, Giovannucci SJ, Jones JS, Mott M. Myocardial infarction in young adults: risk factors and clinical features. J Emerg Med. 1996;14(2):139–45.
Siwach SB, Singh H, Sharma D, Katyal VK. Profile of young acute myocardial infarction in Harayana. J Assoc Physicians India. 1998;46(5):424–6.
Ueda Y, Okada K, Ogasawara N, Oyabu J, Hirayama A, Kodama K. Acute myocardial infarction without disrupted yellow plaque in young patients below 50 years old. J Interv Cardiol. 2007;20(3):177–81.
Wolfe MW, Vacek JL. Myocardial infarction in the young. Angiographic features and risk factor analysis of patients with myocardial infarction at or before the age of 35 years. Chest. 1988;94(5):926–30.
Gotsman I, Lotan C, Mosseri M. Clinical manifestations and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in very young patients. Isr Med Assoc J. 2003;5(9):633–6.
von Eyben FE, Bech J, Madsen JK, Efsen F. High prevalence of smoking in young patients with acute myocardial infarction. J R Soc Health. 1996;116(3):153–6.
Veludo ET, Marques VC, Simoes MV, Furuta MS, Figueiredo GL, Viviani LF, et al. Clinical profile, coronary angiography findings and early outcome in young patients with acute myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era. Arq Bras Cardiol. 1997;68(6):401–5.
Garoufalis S, Kouvaras G, Vitsias G, Perdikouris K, Markatou P, Hatzisavas J, et al. Comparison of angiographic findings, risk factors, and long term follow-up between young and old patients with a history of myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 1998;67(1):75–80.
Ghosh K, Khare A, Shetty S. Fasting plasma homocysteine levels are increased in young patients with acute myocardial infarction from Western India. Indian Heart J. 2007;59(3):242–5.
Ogawa M, Abe S, Saigo M, Biro S, Toda H, Matsuoka T, et al. Homocysteine and hemostatic disorder as a risk factor for myocardial infarction at a young age. Thromb Res. 2003;109(5-6):253–8.
Nikfardjam M, Graf S, Hornykewycz S, Zorn G, Huber-Beckmann R, Wojta J, et al. Homocysteine plasma levels in young patients with coronary artery disease. Relation to history of acute myocardial infarction and anatomical extent of disease. Thromb Res. 2001;103(Suppl 1):S35–39.
Patrizi R, Pasceri V, Sciahbasi A, Summaria F, Rosano GM, Lioy E. Evidence of cocaine-related coronary atherosclerosis in young patients with myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2120–2.
Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD. Universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(22):2173–95.
National Cholesterol Education Program. Second Report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II). Circulation. 1994;89(3):1333–445.
Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106(25):3143–421.
Cutlip DE, Windecker S, Mehran R, Boam A, Cohen DJ, van Es GA, et al. Clinical end points in coronary stent trials: a case for standardized definitions. Circulation. 2007;115(17):2344–51.
Schoenenberger AW, Radovanovic D, Stauffer JC, Windecker S, Urban P, Niedermaier G, et al. Acute coronary syndromes in young patients: presentation, treatment and outcome. Int J Cardiol. 2011;148(3):300–4.
Chua SK, Hung HF, Shyu KG, Cheng JJ, Chiu CZ, Chang CM, et al. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in young patients: 15 years of experience in a single center. Clin Cardiol. 2010;33(3):140–8.
Hbejan K. Smoking effect on ischemic heart disease in young patients. Heart Views. 2011;12(1):1–6.
Huang J QH, Li ZZ, Zhang JM. Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Younger Than 35 Years With Those Older Than 65 Years. Am J Med Sci. 2013. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
Rallidis LS, Lekakis J, Panagiotakos D, Fountoulaki K, Komporozos C, Apostolou T, et al. Long-term prognostic factors of young patients (

How to Cite

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Puricel S-G, Lehner C, Oberhänsli M, Rutz T, Togni M, Stadelmann M, Moschovitis A, Meier B, Wenaweser P, Windecker S, Stauffer J-C, Cook S. Acute coronary syndrome in patients younger than 30 years – aetiologies, baseline characteristics and long-term clinical outcome. Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]. 2013 Jul. 28 [cited 2024 Nov. 4];143(3132):w13816. Available from: https://smw.ch/index.php/smw/article/view/1725

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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[1] Chen YL, Bhasin A, Youssef AA, Wu CJ, Yang CH, Hsieh YK, et al. Prognostic factors and outcomes in young chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary angioplasty. International Heart Journal. 2009;50(1):1–11.

[2] Chan MY, Woo KS, Wong HB, Chia BL, Sutandar A, Tan HC. Antecedent risk factors and their control in young patients with a first myocardial infarction. Singapore Med J. 2006;47(1):27–30.

[3] Morillas P, Bertomeu V, Pabon P, Ancillo P, Bermejo J, Fernandez C, et al. Characteristics and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in young patients. The PRIAMHO II study. Cardiology. 2007;107(4):217–25.

[4] Hoit BD, Gilpin EA, Henning H, Maisel AA, Dittrich H, Carlisle J, et al. Myocardial infarction in young patients: an analysis by age subsets. Circulation. 1986;74(4):712–21.

[5] Doughty M, Mehta R, Bruckman D, Das S, Karavite D, Tsai T, et al. Acute myocardial infarction in the young ‒The University of Michigan experience. Am Heart J. 2002;143(1):56–62.

[6] Rumboldt Z, Rumboldt M, Pesenti S, Polic S, Miric D. Peculiarities of myocardial infarction at young age in Southern Croatia. Cardiologia. 1995;40(6):407–11.

[7] Teixeira M, Sa I, Mendes JS, Martins L. Acute coronary syndrome in young adults. Rev Port Cardiol. 2010;29(6):947–55.

[8] Hamsten A, Norberg R, Bjorkholm M, de Faire U, Holm G. Antibodies to cardiolipin in young survivors of myocardial infarction: an association with recurrent cardiovascular events. Lancet. 1986;1(8473):113–6.

[9] Kanitz MG, Giovannucci SJ, Jones JS, Mott M. Myocardial infarction in young adults: risk factors and clinical features. J Emerg Med. 1996;14(2):139–45.

[10] Siwach SB, Singh H, Sharma D, Katyal VK. Profile of young acute myocardial infarction in Harayana. J Assoc Physicians India. 1998;46(5):424–6.

[11] Ueda Y, Okada K, Ogasawara N, Oyabu J, Hirayama A, Kodama K. Acute myocardial infarction without disrupted yellow plaque in young patients below 50 years old. J Interv Cardiol. 2007;20(3):177–81.

[12] Wolfe MW, Vacek JL. Myocardial infarction in the young. Angiographic features and risk factor analysis of patients with myocardial infarction at or before the age of 35 years. Chest. 1988;94(5):926–30.

[13] Gotsman I, Lotan C, Mosseri M. Clinical manifestations and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in very young patients. Isr Med Assoc J. 2003;5(9):633–6.

[14] von Eyben FE, Bech J, Madsen JK, Efsen F. High prevalence of smoking in young patients with acute myocardial infarction. J R Soc Health. 1996;116(3):153–6.

[15] Veludo ET, Marques VC, Simoes MV, Furuta MS, Figueiredo GL, Viviani LF, et al. Clinical profile, coronary angiography findings and early outcome in young patients with acute myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era. Arq Bras Cardiol. 1997;68(6):401–5.

[16] Garoufalis S, Kouvaras G, Vitsias G, Perdikouris K, Markatou P, Hatzisavas J, et al. Comparison of angiographic findings, risk factors, and long term follow-up between young and old patients with a history of myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 1998;67(1):75–80.

[17] Ghosh K, Khare A, Shetty S. Fasting plasma homocysteine levels are increased in young patients with acute myocardial infarction from Western India. Indian Heart J. 2007;59(3):242–5.

[18] Ogawa M, Abe S, Saigo M, Biro S, Toda H, Matsuoka T, et al. Homocysteine and hemostatic disorder as a risk factor for myocardial infarction at a young age. Thromb Res. 2003;109(5-6):253–8.

[19] Nikfardjam M, Graf S, Hornykewycz S, Zorn G, Huber-Beckmann R, Wojta J, et al. Homocysteine plasma levels in young patients with coronary artery disease. Relation to history of acute myocardial infarction and anatomical extent of disease. Thromb Res. 2001;103(Suppl 1):S35–39.

[20] Patrizi R, Pasceri V, Sciahbasi A, Summaria F, Rosano GM, Lioy E. Evidence of cocaine-related coronary atherosclerosis in young patients with myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2120–2.

[21] Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD. Universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(22):2173–95.

[22] National Cholesterol Education Program. Second Report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II). Circulation. 1994;89(3):1333–445.

[23] Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106(25):3143–421.

[24] Cutlip DE, Windecker S, Mehran R, Boam A, Cohen DJ, van Es GA, et al. Clinical end points in coronary stent trials: a case for standardized definitions. Circulation. 2007;115(17):2344–51.

[25] Schoenenberger AW, Radovanovic D, Stauffer JC, Windecker S, Urban P, Niedermaier G, et al. Acute coronary syndromes in young patients: presentation, treatment and outcome. Int J Cardiol. 2011;148(3):300–4.

[26] Chua SK, Hung HF, Shyu KG, Cheng JJ, Chiu CZ, Chang CM, et al. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in young patients: 15 years of experience in a single center. Clin Cardiol. 2010;33(3):140–8.

[27] Hbejan K. Smoking effect on ischemic heart disease in young patients. Heart Views. 2011;12(1):1–6.

[28] Huang J QH, Li ZZ, Zhang JM. Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Younger Than 35 Years With Those Older Than 65 Years. Am J Med Sci. 2013. Epub 2013 Jan 16.

[29] Rallidis LS, Lekakis J, Panagiotakos D, Fountoulaki K, Komporozos C, Apostolou T, et al. Long-term prognostic factors of young patients (